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Lutheran Theology and Beliefs
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 Part 3: The Birth of the Lutheran Church
outline from a study by Pastor Mason Okubo
October 26, 2008
The Pope's Response
In response to the firestorm set off by Luther, the Pope responds with his own "theses": Exsurge Domine ("arise, O Lord" in Latin). The Pope compares Luther to a wild boar on the loose, needing to be killed. He orders Luther to be silent and recant or be excommunicated (or die at the stake as a heretic).
The Pope forms an alliance with Charles V and asks him to bring Luther to justice.
The Diet of Wurms
Spring 1521 — Luther agrees to meet with the Emperor and his theologians at the Diet of Wurms (the assembly of German states). Charles V demands Luther to recant (confess he was wrong about his 95 Theses). Luther refuses and says "Here I stand. I can do no other."
Elector Frederick, Duke of Saxony, hides Luther at Wartburg castle for many years.
The Augsburg Confession
1530 — At Augsburg the Princes of Saxony face the Emperor and make their own "Here I stand" confession of faith called the Augsburg Confession, written by Philip Melanchton.
The Lutheran Church is born!
Post-Reformation Events and the Creation of the Book of Concord
Philip Melanchton — Colleague of Martin Luther and key player in the latter part of Reformation. Responsible for writing:
- Augsburg Confession (1530) — presented to Charles V at Diet of Augsburg
- Apology to Augsburg Confession (1531) — in response to the Confutata Pontifica against the AC
- Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope (1537) — appendix to AC
Jacob Andraeae, Martin Chemnitz, Nicholas Selnecker
- Formula of Concord (1577) — restatement of AC over articles which Lutherans had become divided
Martin Luther — Reformer, writer of 95 theses. Also wrote the following:
- Small and Large Catechism
- Smalcald Articles — stated what Lutherans could and could not compromise
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